HAZID

HAZID Methodology

The HAZID methodology (also called the "checklist method") is a risk identification tool used in the early stages of a project, immediately after design creation, material cost calculations, and preparation of the facility's master construction plan. The analysis also requires available information about infrastructure, weather conditions, and geotechnical data, as these aspects may be potential sources of external risks. HAZID implementation is intended to ensure the selection of a safer and more cost-effective project option with minimal costs for implementing changes.

Main advantages of HAZID:

• performing analysis of hazard realization consequences in the early stages of project development with the possibility of selecting optimal as well as alternative technological design options;
• possibility of making significant changes to the basic design principles of the facility at the earliest stage, before full-scale work financing;
• identification of specific hazards and threats when developing various design solutions and technological process options;
• possibility of developing a list of typical hazards and consequences for more detailed hazard and risk analysis at later stages of the facility's life cycle;
• identification of all anticipated continuous emissions from the facility to minimize them at the design stage in accordance with company and third-party requirements.

Hazard identification is conducted in accordance with the control table provided in GOST R ISO 17776-2010. The applied table should cover the list of anticipated work at the hazardous production facility, considered as potential sources of hazards. The hazard register must contain the following information:

• identified hazards (according to the control table of GOST R ISO 17776-2010), including detailed description of potential hazard sources;
• causes (threats) that may provoke the hazard;
• possible consequences of the hazard;
• risk levels for personnel, material and technical facilities, environment, and reputation;
• main measures for hazard prevention and consequence reduction.

Appendix D of GOST R ISO 17776-2012 provides a list of hazards related to various activities in hydrocarbon exploration and production (01 Hydrocarbons, 02 Refined hydrocarbons, 03 Other combustible materials, 04 Explosives, 05 Pressure-related hazards, 06 Height-related hazards, 07 Objects operating under load, etc.).

Fragment of hazard list table: Hazard Number - Hazard Description

• 01 - Hydrocarbons
• 01.01 - Pressurized oil
• 01.02 - Reservoir hydrocarbons
• 01.03 - LPG (e.g., propane)
• 01.04 - LNG (liquefied natural gas)
• 01.05 - Condensate, LPG
• 01.06 - Natural gas
• 01.07 - Low-pressure oil
• 01.08 - Paraffins
• 01.09 - Coal
• 02 - Refined hydrocarbons
• 02.01 - Machine oil and seal oil

This table covers the list of anticipated work at the hazardous production facility and work with it is conducted as potential sources of hazards.

Risk Matrix

Each consequence in the hazard list is assigned a category in terms of frequency of recurrence and criticality of consequences for personnel, material and technical assets, environment, and company reputation on a scale from 1 to 5 based on criteria adopted by the company under consideration, thus forming a risk matrix (see figure and table). Main (primary) hazards are considered those that may lead to risk above 12 (dark orange/red area in the matrix).

Example probability assessment scale for company

• Qualitative assessment
• Score assessment
• Interpretation
• Alternative interpretation based on historical data (for current risks)

Interpretation in % probability

• 80% Very high. The event will almost certainly occur. Several cases of risk realization per year at this enterprise.

• 50-80% High. The event is more likely to occur than not. Single case of risk realization per year at this enterprise or several cases of risk realization per year at company enterprises or in the industry.
• 20-50% Medium. The event may occur. Single case of risk realization per year at one of the company's enterprises or in the industry
• 5-20% Low. The event is more likely not to occur than to occur. Similar cases have occurred at enterprises in the company's history
• >5% Very low. It is extremely unlikely that the event may occur. Similar cases have not occurred at company enterprises but have been registered in the industry.

Who conducts HAZID

The HAZID procedure should be conducted by specialists with specialized knowledge:

• Worker familiar with standards for conducting HAZID identification procedures.
• Safety and occupational health engineer.
• Environmental protection engineer.
• Engineer responsible for facility operation and maintenance.
• Design engineers.

After compiling the hazard list, analysis of each one is conducted to determine its significance for further assessment.